Dbq Essay-European History-Assumptions on Children

Team Dynamics for Managers Free Essays

string(554) know or use regularly? | |How do your methods impact bunch decisions? | |What other critical thinking methods might you be able to utilize when making bunch decisions? | |What would you be able to do to create or improve your critical thinking techniques? | |Resources: Three Resources: (1) course reading, (2) one article from the Electronic Reserve | |Readings or another article in UOPX’s Online Library, and (3) some other asset | |article from UOPX’s Online Library. |[pic] |Course Design Guide | |College of Social Sciences | |PSY/430 Version 5 | |Team Dynamics for Managers | Copyright  © 2010, 2009, 2008, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2001 by University of Phoenix. All rights saved. Course Description This course gives an investigation into how directors and representatives work in bunches for the fulfillment of hierarchical goals. We will compose a custom paper test on Group Dynamics for Managers or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Accentuation is put on the developing reliance on self-coordinated work groups in the working environment. This course outfits understudy with the capacity to oversee work groups, work in groups effectively, and to acquire results by means of group elements. What's more, impacts upon consumer loyalty are investigated. Approaches Workforce and understudies/students will be considered answerable for comprehension and holding fast to all arrangements contained inside the accompanying two records: †¢ University approaches: You should be signed into the understudy site to see this report. †¢ Instructor approaches: This record is posted in the Course Materials gathering. College approaches are liable to change. Make certain to peruse the arrangements toward the start of each class. Strategies might be somewhat unique relying upon the methodology wherein you go to class. On the off chance that you have as of late changed modalities, read the arrangements overseeing your present class methodology. Course Materials Engleberg, I. N. Wynn, D. R. (2010). Working in gatherings. (fifth ed. ). [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text] Boston, MA: Pearson/Allyn Bacon. Recovered from University of Phoenix, PSY/430â€Team Dynamics for Managers Course site.. Every single electronic material are accessible on th e understudy site. |Week One: Effective Communication in Diverse Groups | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives |Explain the connection between bunch part decent variety and correspondence style. | |Determine successful utilization of verbal and nonverbal collaboration in gatherings. | |Describe the significance of tuning in and powerful listening procedures. | |Determine fitting strategies for bunch help. | |Readings |Read Ch. 1 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 3 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 4 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 7 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 8 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | |Selection of Teammates |By Thursday, if you don't mind let me know in your Individual gathering on the off chance that you could work with individuals |By Thursday of | |outside your time-zone. |Week One | |On Friday, I will post a note in the Ma in gathering with the names of the individuals in each group. | |Participation |Participate in class conversation. | |2 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to week after week conversation questions. |By Friday of the |2 | |first week. | |Article Review |Complete and Submit article survey to string in Main gathering for it. |By Sunday of the |3 | |first week. | |Search through the Electronic Resource Reading list comprising of articles from UOPX’s Online| | |Library. | |Share with your partners which article you intend to survey so every part audits a | |different article. | |Coordinate with partners so everybody in your group sums up an alternate article. | |Submit two aragraphs and a citation to the Main discussion in answer to the post I will be | |posting. | |In the principal passage, give a short synopsis of the article. (100 to 150 words) Add an APA| | |citation. | |In the subsequent passage, relate the data to your work, social, as well as home life. (100 | |to 150 words) | |For the citation from the article, clarify why you think it is a significant statement. 50 to 75| | |words) Add an APA reference. | |Provide an APA organized reference. | |Individual |Review the Working in Groups recordings situated on your understudy site. Pick three of the four|By Monday, the |8 | |Group Communication Video |videos to watch. a day ago of the | |Cases | |first week, | |Review the evaluating structure and utilize the example paper accommodated this task in the Course | |Materials discussion. | |Write a 200-to 300-word reaction to every video cut by responding to the accompanying inquiries. | |Choose one video that you will use to examine the connection between bunch part diversity| | |and correspondence style. What assorted variety existed in the gathering? How did this influence the gathering | |members’ correspondence styles? Was decent variety a prevention to correspondence? Decide two | |communication techniques that could have been utilized to all the more likely encourage the gathering. | |Choose another video and portray the verbal and nonverbal association among the individuals from | |the gathering. What were these cooperations imparting? Is it safe to say that they were helping or frustrating the | |group process? Think of two specialized strategies that could have been utilized to better | |facilitate the gathering. | |Watch the third video and decide the listening strategies utilized by individuals from the gathering. | |Describe the significance of tuning in bunch correspondence and relate it to this situation. | |Were the listening methods utilized in this circumstance viable? If not, which viable | |techniques ought to have been utilized to all the more likely encourage the gathering procedure? | |Resources: Three Resources: (1) course reading, (2) one article from the Electronic Reserve | |Readings or another article in UOPX’s Online Library, and (3) some other asset | |article from UOPX’s Online Library. You read Group Dynamics for Managers in classification Exposition models | |Format your paper as indicated by APA norms. | |Include title-sheet, levels wit h subheadings, references, and references. | |Use test paper and survey reviewing structure; both gave in Course Materials gathering. | |Submit to the Assignment Section. | Week One Individual Participation (2) Conversation Questions (2) Article Review (3) Group Communication Video Cases (8) Individual Total: 15 |Week Two: Cohesion and Decision-Making | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives | |Evaluate singular qualities that apply to the gathering procedure. | |Apply refereeing strategies to bunch clashes. | |Identify critical thinking methods that encourage cooperative choice creation. | |Readings |Read Ch. 9 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 10 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 1 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | |Participation |Participate in class conversation. | |2 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to week by week conversation questions. |By Friday of the |2 | |second week | |Individual |See portrayal in Week One. By Friday of the |3 | |Article Review | |second week | |Individual |This two-section task empowers you to think about your individual qualities and | |Rough Draft |problem-fathoming abilities as they ap ply to the gathering procedure and dynamic. |5 | |Individual Strengths and |Review the reviewing structure and utilize the example paper accommodated this task in the Course | |Problem-Solving Techniques |Materials discussion. | |paper | |Prepare a 1,050-to 1,750-word paper organized by APA rules. The paper must be| | |organized as indicated by the accompanying classifications: | |Part 1: Individual Strengths and the Group Process | |Describe a gathering setting or situation in which you have worked or of which you are | |currently a section. | |What are the qualities and abilities that you have brought to this gathering setting? How have they | |benefited the gathering? | |Are there any downsides your qualities and aptitudes have brought to the gathering? Depict how | |they have influenced the gathering. | |How have other gathering members’ qualities and abilities influenced the gathering procedure? | |What are a few aptitudes you could improve to cultivate a progressively successful gathering condition? By what method can | |you improve these abilities? | |Part 2: Problem Solving Techniques and Group Decision Making | |What critical thinking strategies do you know or use routinely? | |How do your strategies impact cooperative choices? | |What other critical thinking p rocedures would you be able to utilize when settling on collective choices? | |What would you be able to do to create or improve your critical thinking procedures? | |Resources: Three Resources: (1) course reading, (2) one article from the Electronic Reserve | |Readings or another article in UOPX’s Online Library, and (3) some other asset | |article from UOPX’s Online Library. | |Format your paper as per APA measures. | |Include title-sheet, theoretical, levels with subheadings, references, and references. | |Use test paper and survey evaluating structure; both gave in Course Materials gathering. |

Current Topics For Essay Writing For Competitive Exams

Current Topics For Essay Writing For Competitive ExamsAspiring students often wonder what current topics for essay writing for competitive exams are. Some may be wondering what the advantages and disadvantages of writing an essay are. Well, first of all there are several advantages of writing essays. We will take a look at these in this article.Essays help you develop an opinion about a subject or idea, which might not have been developed on your own. You may come across several issues that you didn't even think of but by engaging in the process of essay writing you may have a fresh perspective and a better understanding of the subject. In this way you can broaden your knowledge of the subject.Essays are usually longer than normal college essays. This can be one of the main advantages of writing essays. There is so much material that you need to cover in one subject and for many people, this can be overwhelming. By taking the time to write a longer essay, it gives you more time to ge t into the main points of the essay. You also have more time to finish the essay if you have already come up with a solid outline.What are some current topics for essay writing for competitive exams? Well, in any topic there are always a number of topics that you could cover. There is a certain angle in the topic that will attract the reader's attention. It can be a specific theme, or maybe the topic of the essay is controversial, or important, or something that is becoming controversial.To get this angle or theme into the entire essay, you need to use quotations, phrases, paragraphs, or lines that are descriptive of the topic. As you continue to write more of the essay, the other perspectives will come out.It is always good to break down the different areas of a topic to your readers. For example, if you are writing an essay about nature, you can look at a quote from the bible about how we should treat the natural world and use this as a theme for your essay. This is a great way to connect with the reader about the idea you are trying to get across.Some other topics for essay writing for competitive exams are political issues, pop culture, social issues, business, education, history, current events, or anything that could be in the forefront of our culture right now. These are all topics that we have heard about or discussed lately. In these cases you would want to bring this back into the essay and use them as a theme.These are just a few of the topics that you can cover in academic subjects. They are usually connected to a number of other subjects and you can utilize them to make your essay more interesting. However, by choosing a theme for each topic and then connecting it to your subject, you can easily see a lot of benefits.

The Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde - 1243 Words

Biography An exuberant nonconformist and controversial playwright, eminent author Oscar Wilde produced critically acclaimed literary works that defined the essence of late Victorian England. Posthumously recognized for his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray and satiric comedy The Importance of Being Earnest, Wilde initially acquired criticism for his immoral and unconventional style of writing. Additionally, to his dismay, strife followed Wilde in his personal life as he was notoriously tried and incarcerated on allegations of â€Å"gross indecency† (homosexuality). Emotionally depleted post-imprisonment and stricken with poverty, Wilde was diagnosed with meningitis and died soon thereafter at the ripe age of 46. Born October 16, 1854 to†¦show more content†¦Issued in 1891, The Picture of Dorian Gray originally accrued censure for its blatant lack of morality; regardless, Wilde’s exclusive novel is revered by contemporary critics who have deemed it a sensational classic. In that same year, Wilde assembled a cluster of essays nomenclatured Intentions promoting the theories of aestheticism. However, with the prevalent success of his first play, Lady Windermeres Fan, Wilde sought playwriting as his fundamental literary style. Producing several clever satiric comedies that maintained dark and profound nuances, Wilde’s most impressive work included An Ideal Husband, A Woman of No Importance, and The Importance of Being Earnest. During the peak of his literary achievement, Wilde began a forbidden romance with Lord Alfred Douglass whose father, the Marquis of Queensberry, caught wind of the affair and composed a letter addressed to â€Å"Oscar Wilde: Posing Sodomite†. T horoughly infuriated at the derisive note, Wilde sued Queensberry for libel. In court, the prosecution exposed the presence of homoerotic texts within Wilde’s work as well as love letters directed towards Douglass.Thus, Wilde was convicted on charges of homosexuality and was condemned to two years in prison. Surfacing from penitentiary in 1897, Wilde was emotionally drained, mentally unstable, and physically expended. Exiled, Wilde spent his last few years in France writing minimally, the only commendable wasShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde707 Words   |  3 PagesWebsters dictionary defines earnest as â€Å"characterized by or proceeding from an intense and serious state of mind. Which can be considered a pun since thought this play we see the characters being more apathetic. The Importance of Being Earnest is the story of Jack Worthing is the main character and the protagonist of this play. He is a well of business man who lives in the countr y and is very well respected there. But Jack has a secret he lives another in the city of London where he claims to goRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1750 Words   |  7 PagesHidden Symbols in The Importance of Being Earnest The Importance of Being Earnest written by Oscar Wilde takes place in 1895 and exposes the hypocritical social expectations of the end of the Victorian era. During the Victorian period, marriage was about protecting your resources and keeping socially unacceptable impulses under control. The play undeniable reveals and focuses satire around differences between the behaviors of the upper class and that of the lower class. Oscar Wilde uses comedic symbolismRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde913 Words   |  4 Pagesmake them known. This concept has come to be the brick and mortar of the wry play The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde The significance of the notion of being earnest is contradicted in the play, through Wilde’s clever use of words, characters digression of societal normalcy, and triviality of Victorian concepts. Cynical character Algernon asserts that women of Victorian society reinforce the importance of orderly money as a type of social contract. On page 3, it is quickly established theRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde975 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Being Earnest is a play written by Oscar Wilde about a man named Jack who lies about his identity and ends up creating huge confusion about who he really is. The biggest notion that appears throughout the play is about character. There are many instances where the characters of the play lie about their identities and pretend to be people they are not. Oscar Wilde does this throughout the play in order to explain how one’s identity can be made up. One is not born with an identity;Read MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde773 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play by Oscar Wilde â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest†, Wilde takes a comedic stance on a melodrama, portraying the duplicity of Victorian traditions and social values as the modernism of the twentieth century begins to emerge. The idea of the play revolves around its title of the characters discovering the importance of being earnest to their individual preferences. The author uses the traditional efforts of finding a marriage partner to illustrate the conflicting pressure of Victorian valuesRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1293 Words   |  6 Pagescarrying yourself, many of which was not the must enjoyable of ways and lacked some fun that many need in their life. This forced many to split their Public life from the Private one. Written in the Victorian Era, the works of The importance of being earnest by Oscar Wilde, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson ,and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley displays how the characters need to keep be kept their Private lives separate from their Public lives in order to fit into their strict VictorianRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1318 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Status in Persuasion and The Importance of Being Earnest Social status refers to a person s position or importance within a society. I have done some research and have acquired information over the way social status is addressed in both the writings of Jane Austen and Oscar Wilde. In the novel Persuasion we can see how the characters go beyond their means to uphold their title and social value. In the play The Importance of Being Earnest we can see how the social rank and wealth of a personRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1364 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to fully understand the meaning of â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest† and its importance in its time, one must look at Oscar Wilde’s background in relation to the Victorian time period. Biography.com states that Wilde had a very social life, growing up among influential Victorians and intellectuals of the time. As he grew older and became a successful writer, he began engaging in homosexual affairs which was a crime during the 19th century. He e ventually started a relationship with AlfredRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1382 Words   |  6 Pagesappeared to be strict. The Importance of Being Earnest, by Oscar Wilde, a nineteenth century author who was one of the most acclaimed playwrights of his day, is a play set in the Victorian time period that demonstrates how trivial telling the truth was. Different characters throughout Wilde’s play establish their dishonestly through hiding who they really are and pretending to be someone whom they are not. In an essay titled â€Å"From ‘Oscar Wilde’s Game of Being Earnest,’† Tirthankar Bose describesRead MoreThe Importance of Being Earnest, by Oscar Wilde1300 Words   |  5 PagesThe play, The Importance of Being Earnest, by Oscar Wilde was written in the Victorian Age of England. During this time morality was connected with sexual restraint and strict codes of conduct in public. This play hilariously critiques Victorian moral and social values while the characters in the play try to figure out the meaning of â€Å"earnestness†. Wilde uses humor and irony to publicly ridicule the self-aggrandizing attitude of the Victorian upper classes, as well as to expose their duplicity and

Hotel Reservation System Thesis - 1089 Words

DATA FLOW DIADRAM Flow Chart Data Flow Diagram Client ID Vacant Room New Records Encoded Room Status Updated Room Status Saved Room Status Database INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT (IPO) Fig. 1.4 PROGRAM FLOWCHART STI College Tagatay Center: Tagaytay User View Interface Subject Code: Advance Programming Group Name:†¦show more content†¦Cancellation 48 hours or less Prior to Scheduled Arrival: For cancellations received within 48 hours of the scheduled arrival, the guest shall be responsible for the first night charges or forfeit the deposit. B. Problems Encountered C. General Problem: D. The main problem of this study is the inaccurate reservation of the customer. E. Specific problem: F. 1. Low in security G. 2. Time monitoring H. 3. Less data integrity I. 4. Difficulty in searching and retrieving files J. 5. Possible loss of records and retrieving files K. 6. Difficulty in finding the availability of rooms III. Proposed System A. Objectives A.1 General Objective: This study aims to solve the problems encountered and to change the manual reservation. A.2 Specific Objective: 1. To increase the security between the management and staff. 2. To lessen time consume. 3. To highly integrate data. 4. To spend less time in searching and retrieving of files. 5. To create a back up of files in every successful transaction. 6. To become make easier to find the availability rooms. B. Declarative Statement of proposed system The first process that will occur in the proposed system is the inquiries of the customers. All inquiries will be recorded in the systemShow MoreRelatedLan-Based Reservation System for Hacienda Gracia Resort and Hotel11674 Words   |  47 Pagesobserved in businesses or companies such as hotels, schools, resorts, and even shopping malls. Relative to the researchers study, this technology will be implemented to a resort and hotel for reservation processes. A resort is a place used for  relaxation  or  recreation, where visitors are being attracted to take their  holiday  or  vacation. It refers to places, towns or sometimes commercial establishments operated by a single company. On the other hand, a hotel is differentiated as an establishment thatRead MoreBaque-Manalang Dental Clinic Online Reservation4720 Words   |  19 PagesThe use of online services nowadays becomes more necessary in the various fields. It is because of the advantage and useful effects to many people when it comes to online reservation because our society is facing rapid growths of need, availability and development of different commercial web-based application. The online reservation services differ from the traditional mode in the capacity to provide services regardless of temporal and spatial constraints. They are also different from traditional interpersonalRead MoreHotel Reservation and Billing System2300 Words   |  10 Pagestime saving process. It is highly valued in institutions like business enterprises, schools, hospitals, government and non government services. However, some of them are still using manual system. In this regard, we acknowledge the value of computerized system. As of today’s generation, there are already many hotel existing. One of which is D’ Budgetel that serves private rooms and dormitory type. It is located at Corrales Extension, Cagayan de Oro City and is owned by Monte Carlo Realty and DevelopmentRead MoreProject Proposal for Hotel Reservation System2674 Words   |  11 PagesCONTEXT DIAGRAM Hotel Reservation System CLIENT Receipt Inquiries Receptionist Accepting Inquiries Confirmed Inquiries Level 0 Data Flow Diagram Verifying Inquiries P1 Reservation P2 Client Information Verified Inquiries Leaving of Client P3 Verified Inquiries Reserved Paying Bills P4 Receipt Vacant Room Level 1 Data Flow Diagram Receptionist Inquiring P1.1 Client Questions Read MoreStrategic Marketing Plan for a Hotel16235 Words   |  65 PagesSTRATEGIC MARKETING PLAN FOR A HOTEL Hotel and Restaurant Business 2011 2 VAASA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Degree Programme of Hospitality Management ABSTRACT Author Title Year Language Pages Name of Supervisor Maarit Karppinen Strategic Marketing Plan for a Hotel 2011 English 59 + 2 Appendices Peter Smeds The aim of this thesis was to form a strategic marketing plan for Hotel X, a small privately owned hotel in Helsinki. The theoretical part of this thesis presents tourism and marketingRead MoreInnovation in Hospitality Industry4916 Words   |  20 PagesResearch and Report CW1 â€Å"Client Information System (CIS)† Lecturer: | Jeroen Greven | | | Group Members: | Veronika Beshkova | 3HE | beve191187 | | Jamal Zakaria | 3HT | zaja110584 | | Binh Duc Tran | 3HE | trbi190889 | Submission Date: l7 May 2010Submitted to: Academic office Mr. Jeroen Greven | Abstract This report comprises the concept about new innovation: â€Å"The client information system†; that we want to apply to the market for the purpose of serving hospitalityRead MoreFront Office Customer Satisfaction19126 Words   |  77 PagesMASTER S THESIS The role of standard service quality in front office of five star hotels in Tehran in order to satisfy customers Nina Bashirian Tina Majdpuor Master program Business Administration Luleà ¥ University of Technology Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences Master Thesis, Continuation Courses Tourism and Hospitality Management Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences Division of Industrial marketing and e-commerce The roleRead MoreCustomer Satisfaction in the Practices in the Hotels/Inns and Resorts8670 Words   |  35 PagesCUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON THE PRACTICES OF THE HOTELS/INNS AND RESORTS IN THE FIRST DISTRICT OF ILOCOS SUR A Thesis Proposal Presented to The Faculty of Graduate School University of Northern Philippines Vigan City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Business Administration By: VIVENCIO C. PERALTA JR. 2011-2012 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM Introduction Throughout historyRead MoreE-Tourism : the Role of Ict in Tourism Industry,4044 Words   |  17 Pagesthe Internet and the World Wide Web both in the home and in the workplace, and the opportunities presented by falling hardware and communications costs, the potential now exists for tourism suppliers to both distribute information to and process reservations from customers directly. In his paper by considering some of the trends shaping modern business strategies such as the mass customization of services, the interactive design of products with customers, the service envelope around the most basicRead MoreHospitality Operations Management4189 Words   |  17 Pagesfunctions, such as the use of capacity management, is essential for operations manager to create a more effective and efficient operation. At the same time, it helps to increase service quality and generate higher profitability. Ava Restaurant in Hotel Panorama in Hong Kong is the organization of choice for evaluation for this essay. Definitions of one of the operation’s functions, capacity management, will first be given. It will be used as a practical example to evaluate and analyze the effectiveness

Definition of International Human Rights Instruments free essay sample

International treaties and even declarations can, over time, obtain the status of  customary international law. International  human rights  instruments can be divided further into  global instruments, to which any state in the world can be a party, and  regional instruments, which are restricted to states in a particular region of the world. Most conventions establish mechanisms to oversee their implementation. In some cases these mechanisms have relatively little power, and are often ignored by member states; in other cases these mechanisms have great political and legal authority, and their decisions are almost always implemented. Examples of the first case include the UN treaty committees, while the best exemplar of the second case is the  European Court of Human Rights. Mechanisms also vary as to the degree of individual access to them. Under some conventions – e. g. he  European Convention on Human Rights  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ individuals or states are permitted, subject to certain conditions, to take individual cases to the enforcement mechanisms; under most, however (e. g. the UN conventions), individual access is contingent on the acceptance of that right by the relevant state party, either by a declaration at the time of ratification or accession, or through ratification of or accession to an optional  protocol  to the convention. This is part of the evolution of international law over the last several decades. It has moved from a body of laws governing states to recognizing the importance of individuals and their rights within the international legal framework. 2. 1 Situation in Malaysia â€Å"MALAYSIA has only signed two out of the eight core international human rights treaties,† says Alice Nah, National Human Rights Society (Suhakam) executive committee member. â€Å"As time goes on, however, Malaysia’s reluctance to sign these treaties will become more untenable, particularly if it wants to be a recognised and respected member of the United Nations (UN),† she tells  The Nut Graph  in an e-mail interview. Malaysia is seems to be miles away from international human rights goals as Malaysia still impose certain limits to their citizens on some human rights freedom. Before this, the detention of activists and opposition politicians under the Internal Security Act (ISA) before it was abolished was said to be one of the biggest reluctant towards the international human rights treaties proposed by Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Thus the question arises is why does Malaysia seems to be so reluctant towards the international human rights treaties? Tan Sri Simon Sipaun, Human Rights Commission of Malaysia (Suhakam) vice chairperson, says the commission has recommended for the government to ratify the treaties on economic, social and cultural rights, and on civil and political rights but there has been no positive response so far. â€Å"I imagine that the government must have its own reasons for not ratifying them at the moment. Possibly one of the important factors which the government has to consider before deciding is associated with the (bumiputera) affirmative policy which could be interpreted at the UN level as discriminatory,† Another Suhakam commissioner, Datuk Dr Denison Jayasooria, elaborates, â€Å"The continued reliance on legislation which violates fundamental liberties such as the ISA on preventive detention, the Official Secrets Act and the Printing Presses and Publications Act on freedom of expression makes it difficult for Malaysia to ratify the UN bill of rights. The human rights treaties specify what states can and cannot do to people which they are legally binding. Perhaps Malaysia is afraid of making such commitments. However, In any part of the earth, there is a time and tide for everything. This happens to be a time when the human rights quest is at high tide. All sections of society, including members of the exalted institution of the judiciary, must take note that freedom is on the march. The spirit to seek for liberty is spreading. The questions deals on human rights and freedom being published everywhere. The idea of fundamental rights forms part of the legal fabric of every society . It is now recognized that though state sovereignty is a shield against external aggression, it cannot be used as a sword against one’s own nationals. Human rights abuses in any land deserve world-wide condemnation because, Martin Luther King once said, â€Å"injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere†. Human rights issues have become globalised. All nations of the world are under massive political pressure to conform to the international law on human rights. There are nearly one hundred international treaties, covenants, declarations and protocols on human rights issues. The most important from the human rights and perspective are the following: 1)The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) 2) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1976) 3)International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1976) 4) Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (1957/1977/1984) 5) United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-Custodial Measures (Tokyo Rules) (1990) 6) Basic Treatment for the Treatment of Prisoners (1990) ) Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984) 8) Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1987) 9)Principles on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-Legal Arbitrary and Summary Executions (1989) 10) Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials (1979) 11) Basic Principles for the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials. THE LINKAGE O F UDHR AND THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION A large number of provisions in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) find their correspondence in the Federal Constitution of Malaysia. Among them are: 1)Article 5 – Personal Liberty Articles 3, 9. 2)Article 6 – Abolition of slavery and forced labour 3)Article 4 4)Article 7(1) Prohibition of retrospective criminal laws. 5)Article 7(2) – Protection against double jeopardy 6)Article 11(2) 7)Article 8 – Equality and non-discrimination Articles – 2, 6, 7, 23(2). 8)Article 9 – Protection against banishment and freedom of movement )Article 10(1)(a) – Freedom of speech Article 19 10)Article (10)(1)(b) – Freedom of assembly Article 20(1) 11)Article 10(1)(C) – Freedom of association Articles 20(2), 23(4) 12)Article 11 – Freedom of religion Article 18 13)Article 12 – Rights in respect of education Article 26 14)Article 13 – Right to property Articles 17, 27(2) 15)Article 14 – 28 Right to citi zenship Article 15 16)Article 119 – Right to vote in elections Articles 21(1) amp; 21(3) 17)Article 25(2) – special protection for motherhood and childhood. 18)Article 27 – right to cultural life 9)Article 29 – duties to the community. 20)Article 5 – protection against torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. 21)Articles 8-10 – right to seek redress before a court. 22)Article 11 – presumption of innocence 23)Article 12 – right to privacy, family, home or correspondence. 24)Article 14 – right to asylum against persecution. 25)Article 16 – right to marry and found a family. 26)Article 21(2) – equal access to public service 27)Articles 22, 25 – right to social security, basic necessities. 1. 2 Human Rights in Malaysia Courts In the real case, Malaysia actually has not ratified most international human rights covenants and Treaties though in their constitution provides few Articles regarding the issue of human rights. Even the treaties that are ratified are not self executing. Unlike in the USA or Germany the Malaysian Constitution does not contain a clause to confer legal status on international treaties. As such, in Malaysia treaties that are signed by the executive are binding internationally but need incorporation by the national legislature to form part of the law of the land and to be enforceable in the courts. In the case of R v Chief Immigration Officer, Heathrow Airport ex p Salamat Bibi (1976) 3 All ER 843. A treaty signed by the executive cannot change the law of the land. If it were to be so, that would result in law making by the executive in derogation of the powers of the national legislature. That will be a serious violation of the doctrine of separation of powers.. The International law, whether customary or contractual, is not law per se ie in municipal systems. The reception of international human rights law in national courts poses many legal problems. In case of conflict between international laws and national laws, courts of most countries including Malaysia adopt the rule that national law prevails. In the legal theory of Austinian positivism, law is a command of the sovereign and a product of state action. Extra-territorial laws cannot be granted the nomenclature of law unless they are authorized by the national legislative authority. Furthermore it is stated in Article 160 of Malaysia’s Federal Constitution that International law is not part of the definition of ‘law’ in the stated Article under the Malaysia’s Federal Constitution.

Willa Cather Wrote What She Lived Essays - Willa Cather, My Ntonia

Willa Cather Wrote What She Lived WILLA CATHER WROTE WHAT SHE LIVED Sara Orne Jewett, a local colorist from Maine, once suggested that Willa Cather write from her own background. Cather followed that advice and became famous for her stories of the American frontier; especially those about heroic women who struggled to tame the prairies of Nebraska and the Southwest. Cather's first novel was published in 1912 and was called Alexander's Bridge. In 1913 came O Pioneers! which took its title from a poem by Walt Whitman. My Antonia, published in 1918, is probably her best known work, and features the hardy, sensitive women who led courageous, simple lives of endurance in the harshly beautiful wilderness. These immigrants would become the mothers of a new race of Americans, and the book spans the few generations that saw the prairie transformed into modern farmland and cities. In 1927, Willa Cather wrote what is considered her best work, Death Comes for the Archbishop, about missionary priests in New Mexico. In 1923, she won the Pulitzer Prize for One of Ours, the story of an American farmer who dies in battle in World War I. Like the narrator in My Antonia, Willa Cather was born in Virginia, the oldest child in an Irish family, and moved to Nebraska with her family when she was eleven. It was 1883. In the book, the boy, Jim Burden, compares the gentler land of Virginia to the wild beauty of the prairies. Like him, Willa lived with her grandparents, and like Jim's grandparents, her family emphasized intellect, morality and ladylike behavior. Like her protagonist, Cather grew up among European immigrants and enjoyed the simple pleasures of a rural childhood, like giving plays. Willa Cather had an interest in medicine and a lifelong love of music and theater. One of her books, Song of the Lark, was about a frontier girl who becomes a great opera singer. Cather never married, and according to one source, she sometimes wore men's clothes and passed as a male doctor, in order to avoid the prejudice against women that was common in society in those days. Though she chose a man as her narrator, My Antonia is more concerned with the lives of the immigrant girls who grew up strong on prairie farms, worked in town to earn their way, and then made lives for themselves in their new country. The author seems especially sympathetic to the women when Lena faces a double standard, and is blamed for the attention her beauty arouses in a married admirer. Antonia also suffers rejection when her fianc? gets her pregnant before he abandons her. The author's preference for the openhearted farmers and sensitive women over the town snobs is similar to Sinclair Lewis's judgments in Main Street. Not only is farming the land hard on these women, but marriage and small town society are too. But in America, the hired girls can decide to leave or stay and build new lives. Like many artists, Willa Cather may not have felt fully accepted in small rural towns because the theme of the misunderstood artist recurs in her work. In My Antonia, the heroine's father is the transplanted artist, a musician who is unprepared for prairie life. He has been taken advantage of by the man who sells him the farm. He is not respected as he was in his homeland, and his skills do not help him in farming. He is obviously depressed by the changes in his life, and when his premature death is suspected of being a suicide, he is even punished in death. No local cemetery will bury him in their hallowed ground, so he is buried under a future crossroads according to a brutal custom. Again, like her narrator in My Antonia, Willa Cather graduated from the University of Nebraska in 1895 and went east. She taught English and Latin in high school in Pittsburg while writing poetry and short stories from 1901 to 1906. Later, in New York, she joined the staff of McClure's Magazine and became an editor. In 1912, she first visited the Southwest, where she discovered herself and was especially impressed with the Anasazi cliff dwellings. On later travels west, Willa Cather revisited Nebraska and became reacquainted with

How To Say Let in Spanish

How To Say Let in Spanish Let is one of those English words that can be translated numerous ways in Spanish, because let itself has numerous meanings. Take the example of translating Let me write that down to Spanish. One possibility say, Quiero apuntar eso, which has a literal meaning of I want to write that down. If you wish a more precise translation and indeed are seeking permission to take notes, use Dà ©jame apuntar eso or Dà ©jeme apuntar eso, depending on whether you are speaking in the familiar or formal second person, respectively. Dejar is the most common verb meaning to allow, so what youre saying is allow me to write that down. What is important when translating from one language to another is to look for the meaning of what you want to say and translate that rather than attempting to translate words. You simply cannot translate let the same way all the time. And if what you mean by let is I want to, then just say the equivalent of that - its much simpler! Choices for Translating ‘Let’ A few of the verbs you can use to translate let or phrases that use let include liberar (to let go), alquilar (to rent out), avisar (to let someone know), soltar (to let go), fallar (to let down or disappoint), perdonar (to let somebody off, to excuse) and cesar (to let up). It all depends on the meaning of what youre trying to say. And, of course, in English we use let to form first-person plural commands, as in lets leave or lets sing. In Spanish, that meaning is expressed in a special verb form (the same as the first-person plural subjunctive), as in salgamos and cantemos, respectively. Finally, Spanish sometimes uses que followed by a verb in the subjunctive to form an indirect command that can be translated using let, depending on the context. Example: Que vaya à ©l a la oficina. (Have him go to the office, or let him go to the office.) Sample Sentences Here are sentences illustrating possible translations for let: El gobierno cubano liberà ³ al empresario. (The Cuban government let the entrepreneur go.)Dà ©jele hablar sin interrupcià ³n. (Let him speak without interruption.)Te comunicaremos si algo ha cambiado. (Well let you know if anything has changed.)Los captores soltaron a los rehenes a las cuatro de la madrugada. (The captors let the hostages free at 4 a.m.)Me fallaba muchà ­simo. (He let me down a lot.)Vive y dejar vive. (Live and let live.)A mi no me decepciona nadie porque no espero nada de nadie. Nobody lets me down because I dont expect anything from anybody.Mis padres alquilaron un piso en 2013 por 400 euros por semana. (My parents let out a floor in 2013 for 400 euros weekly.) ¡Me deja en paz! (Let me be alone!)Avà ­same si no puedes hacerlo. (Let me know if you cant do it.)Por fin aflojà ³ la ira de la tormenta. (The fury of the storm finally let up.)Hay ciertos amigos a los que no quiero dejar entrar en mi casa. (There are some friends I dont want to let into my house.)D esde entonces, se desmejorà ³ y crecià ³ su abatimiento fà ­sico y moral. (Since then, he let himself go and sank deeper physically and morally.)

7th Grade ACT Prep How to Ace the Exam

7th Grade ACT Prep How to Ace the Exam SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Even though there are plenty of other standardized tests for younger students like ACT Aspire or the PSAT, there are still many middle schoolers every year who take the ACT. 7th grade is definitely a bit earlier than most people take a college entrance exam, but it's possible you might have to take it as part of an academic talent search or want to take it to see what it's like. Just as good 7th grade ACT scores are different from what good scores would be for juniors or seniors, though, 7th grade ACT prep is very different from high school ACT prep. Find out the best way to A-C-E the ACT in 7th grade in this article. Why Take the 7th Grade ACT? There are two main reasons why you'd want to take the ACT as a middle schooler. The biggest reason is that 7th grade ACT scores are an integral part of several talent search programs, like Duke TIP and Johns Hopkins' CTY. These programs provide academic enrichment and summer programs for advanced students, which can be a great way to discover a subject you're passionate about that you can then pursue in more depth in high school or college. The only other real reason to take the ACT so early is if you want to start laying the groundwork for when you take the ACT in high school to apply to colleges. Because you won't have learned a significant chunk of the content on the test yet in school (particularly on the math section), you're probably not going to want to use your 7th grade ACT score to apply to colleges. But if you live in an ACT-mandatory state and will end up taking the ACT before you graduate from high school for free anyway, it's not the worst idea in the world to get an early preview of what the test is like. 7th Grade ACT Prep for Summer Programs If you’re taking the ACT to take part in a talent search or summer program of some sort, you have a relatively tight timeline to work with. Enrollment begins August of each year for Duke TIP and other similar programs, and to do the 7th grade talent search for most programs, you must take the ACT during your 7th grade year. This means that the latest you can take the ACT and still qualify for a talent search is by June of the end of your 7th grade school year. Plus, to get a spot in the highly competitive summer programs for the summer after 7th grade, it’s usually recommended you take the ACT by Feb 1st during 7th grade at the latest (so you don’t get waitlisted for the programs). With a short amount of time to study for the ACT, you'll need to use strategies similar to those used by juniors and seniors prepping for the test. This means studying for the test with official ACT practice tests and questions to get the most accurate picture of what will be covered on the real test. While you by no means need a perfect or even close to perfect score on the ACT in order to qualify for summer programs, you also don't want to stroll into the room on test day and be completely surprised by the format and question style of the test. Jon Bunting/Flickr There are non-multiple choice Math questions You're also going to want to take at least a couple of realistic timed practice tests (rather than just answering questions or doing the test a section at a time). This exercise is particularly valuable for 7th graders because as a younger student, you'll likely have less test-taking stamina, simply because you won't have had as many years of lengthy test-taking in school yet as a high school student. The ACT is a little over three hours long with breaks (or almost four hours if you take ACT with Writing), so you'll need to work up to being able to sit down and concentrate on the test for that long a period of time without losing focus. Other ACT prep strategies used by high school students can be modified and used by younger students as well. Before you start studying for the test, you should figure out what specific score you need to aim for in order to meet your goals. Rather than averaging the average scores of the colleges you want to get into, you should set your target ACT score based on the average scores of the summer programs you want to apply to. You can then adjust your test-taking strategy accordingly. The most important adjustment to make to your test-taking strategy as a 7th grader is to not be afraid to skip questions. If you only need to aim for a 25 on each section, you can afford to skip the harder questions or topics you haven't learned about yet and maximize the time you spend on questions you actually can answer. For more strategies like these, including precisely how many questions you can skip to get to your target score, read our articles on how to improve low ACT English, Math, Reading, and Science scores, which focus on getting students up to a 26 score (rather than a perfect ACT score). Early Training for College Applications Starting to prepare for college applications early is a much weaker reason to study for and take the ACT in 7th grade. Prepping so early for the ACT means you don't have the content knowledge you need to do your best on the test. While it is possible to teach yourself some of the content, you may find that there's ultimately a limit to what you can achieve on your own without first learning the subject (like trig) in school first. It's also unlikely that casual 7th grade ACT prep will have any benefit for you when you get to the middle of high school and take it again for colleges. Sure, you might be slightly more familiar with the format of the test, but that's something you could achieve much more easily and effectively by starting to prep for the ACT in a focused way in 9th grade. And as a sidenote, although colleges probably won't care about your 7th grade ACT score, any time you take the ACT it does technically remain on your permanent ACT record. The good news is that if you want to take the ACT early as part of preparing to apply to college or pass the ACT later on in high school, you have a much looser timeframe to work with than if you needed to take it for a talent search. Since you don't have program deadlines, you can take the ACT at any point during middle school, whether during the 7th grade school year or not. You’ll have plenty of opportunities to take the test again before college applications, so it's not like your score now is final. Your 7th grade ACT score is about as final as this rabbit drawn in the sand. Unlike the juniors taking the test, you won't have learned all of the content yet in school, and as I said above, some of it you might not be able to teach yourself. Instead of banging your head against the wall of radians and matrices, you should focus your studying on areas like Reading and English, which don't necessarily require the same kind of knowledge base that ACT Math does, particularly if you're a native English speaker. For ACT Reading, you can practice reading at a higher level by reading short stories and nonfiction writing. Our article on the best way to practice ACT Reading has some great tips for free online sources you can use for both of these types of literature. You can also use vocabulary lists to bolster your knowledge of more advanced vocab and how to use them in context. By reading more advanced writing, you'll internalize some stylistic and grammatical rules that are important for both ACT English and ACT Writing, but if you want an explicit list of what you need to know for ACT English, we have a complete guide to all the grammar rules covered on that portion of the test. We also have some great articles ACT Writing, including how to write the essay, step by step, what the format of the essay is, and how the ACT essay is scored. The ACT Science test doesn't require a lot of specific science knowledge. Instead, you'll need to be skilled at reading charts, graphs, and tables and being able to combine information from them and the text to answer questions. For this reason, even students who aren't "science" people can do perfectly well on ACT Science. And when it comes to ACT Math, you can at least start to get familiar with the math you haven't covered yet in school with our great guides to subjects like algebra and trigonometry. For the most part, though, while you can start to prep for the ACT in 7th grade, if the only reason you're studying for it is as prep for college applications, we don't recommend taking it that early. Richard-G/Flickr The ACT for 7th Graders: The Bottom Line Depending on why you’re studying for or taking the ACT in 7th grade, you’ll need to adjust how you study. If you're taking it in order to qualify for summer programs, you’ll have less time to study before taking the test, so you should focus on practicing with real ACTs and studying strategies like skipping questions you can't answer. On the other hand, if your 7th grade ACT prep isearly training for college or high school, you’ll have more time to study before taking the test, so you should focus more on learning content you don’t know and getting familiar with the test structure before moving on to testing strategies and full-length practice tests. For more on the content-to-strategy ratio in studying, read about how to start early on preparing for the SAT- many of the tips in it are applicable to students taking the ACT as well. Above all, don’t be discouraged by a low 7th grade ACT score. Remember, you’re competing against high school juniors and seniors who are taking this test to get into college or graduate high school. These students might approach the ACT more seriously because it’s more important to their future college prospects, spend more time prepping or have prepped in school, and generally know more of the content because of having covered it in school repeatedly. A Silly Person/Flickr What’s Next? Now you know how to get a great 7th grade ACT score, but is it really worth taking the test so early? Learn more about the pros and cons of taking the ACT in 7th grade here. How are you doing on practice tests compared to other middle-school ACT test-takers? Find out with our articles about the average ACT score for 7th graders and good ACT scores for 8th graders. Want to learn more about summer programs for academically gifted middle schoolers? Read our articles on the Duke TIP 7th grade Talent Search, CTY at Johns Hopkins, NUMATS, Stanford EPGY, and Summer Institute for the Gifted. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

To what extent the negative internet contents affect children Essay

To what extent the negative internet contents affect children - Essay Example In this paper, we will discuss the effects of negative internet contents on young children. We will also focus social construction of the childhood in order to get a better understanding of the issue. 2. Children and Negative Use of Internet â€Å"The combination of pornography and the pedophiles it produces is deadly for children† (Kastleman 2010). The sexual contents available on the internet in forms of pictures, stories, and movie clips produce a number of negative effects on the children. Some studies show that almost 4 to 5 out of every 10 children regularly switch on their personal computers just to watch the adult material. The number of children watching adult material varies from place to place and it depends on their social construction as well. In some societies, people try to keep their children away from any sort of adult activity. Some people even make their children stay away from the friendships with opposite gender. Such restrictions increase the frustration level of the children and the frustration leads their way towards illegal social and sexual activities. The growing age of children is very critical for their proper mental and social development. Children generally are very eager to know about sex, and for this reason, they use different ways to gain information about it. Internet is one of the easiest ways to get sex related information. Some children do not open adult websites intentionally. They just log on to the internet to search educational stuff or other things based on their personal interests. But when they start searching for their desired stuff on the internet, the links present on the websites sometimes lead their way towards adult material, which drive the attention of children away from actual purpose. Seventy percent of all children exposed to pornographic material are not actually looking for such contents (Dougherty 2010). The unintentionally opened websites attract the attention of the children and they start exp loring those websites in order to know more and more about sex. 3. Negative Internet Contents Livingstone and Hadden (2009) found that internet brings both opportunities and risks for the children. Risks are related to the presence of sexual contents on the internet. There are three major types of negative contents available on the internet, which include sex stories, sexual video clips, and webcams. Pictures and video clips arouse the sexual feelings of children and increase the level of sex frustration in them. We cannot say that every child who views pornographic material is affected by the negative contents. â€Å"Every child who is exposed to pornography does not automatically become a sexual deviant or sex addict† (Hughes 1998). The effects are harmful for those children who view the pictures and try to practice what they see in the pictures. We can take the example of alcoholic drinks. Not every person who takes such drinks becomes addicted to those drinks. Some people take those drinks very seldom just to relieve themselves from the tensions for some time whereas some people become addicted to alcohol and they cannot even live a single day without taking alcoholic drinks. Same case is with the children who want to view

Pop culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pop culture - Essay Example Video games has opened a new culture in the world of entertainment leading to the emergence of a new form of popular culture. It is recorded that the initial games used interactive electronic devices with various display formats. Some of the earliest examples of video games the Cathode ray tube Amusement Device that was filed for a patent on 25 January 1947 by Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Estle Ray Mann. The two designers were deeply inspired by radar display tech that was made up of an analog device that allowed a user to control a vector-drawn dot on the screen to simulate a missile being fired at targets, which were drawings fixed to the screen. While there has been a great element of changes leading to ink split on video game culture, the actual definition of the term is often treated as common sense to many people. The unraveling of the discourses surrounding video game culture offers room for people to envisioned in the power dynamics involved in attributing certain characteristics to it, as well as naming it. This approach has implications for how video games are studied as well as how they are interlinked with how culture is studied more broadly. By critically examining how video game culture has been defined in both press and academic articles, this paper seeks to elaborate how this cultural aspect has emerged to be considered on the most advanced forms of the popular culture. According to Tom Bissell in Extra Lives: Why video games matter, the rise of video in the current generation has resulted to the emergence of a new form of popular culture. He admits his great love and passion for the games. It is recorded that millions of adults all over the world, spend several hours every week playing video games leading to the growth of the industry. It is estimated that the industry is likely to outdo the film industry in Hollywood. However, the

Learning about America in the Dominican Republic :: Personal Narrative Essays

Exactly one week after graduating from high school, with thirteen years of American education behind me, I boarded a plane and headed for a Caribbean island, I had fifteen days to spend on an island surrounded with crystal blue waters, white sandy shores and luxurious ocean resorts. With beaches to play on by day and casinos to play in during the night, I was told that this country was an exciting new tourist destination. My days in the Dominican Republic, however, were not filled with snorkeling lessons and my nights were not spent at the black jack table. Instead of visiting the ritzy East Coast, I traveled inland to a mountain community with no running water and no electricity. The bus ride to this town called Guayabal, was long, hot and uncomfortable. The mountain roads were not paved and the bus had no air conditioning. Surprisingly, the four-hour ride flew by. I had plenty to think about as my mind raced with thoughts of the next two weeks. I wondered if my host family would be welcoming, if the teenagers would be friendly, and if my work would be hard. I mentally prepared myself for life with out the everyday luxuries of a flushing toilet, a hot shower, and a comfortable bed. Because Guayabal was with out such basic commodities, I did not expect to see many reminders of home. I thought I was going to leave behind my American ways and immerse myself into another culture. These thoughts filled my head as the bus climbed the rocky hill towards Guayabal. When I finally got off the bus and stepped into the town-square, I realized that I had thought wrong: there was no escaping the influence of the American culture. In a way, Guayabal was an example of what author Mary Louise Pratt refers to as a contact zone. Pratt defines a contact zone as "a place where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power" (Pratt 76). In Guayabal, American culture and American consumerism were clashing with the Hispanic and Caribbean culture of the Dominican Republic. The clash came from the Dominicans' desire to be American in every sense, and especially to be consumers of American products. This is nearly impossible for Dominicans to achieve due to their extreme poverty. Their poverty provided the "asymmetrical relation of power" found in contact zones, because it impeded not only the Dominican's ability to be consumers, but also their ability to learn, to work, and to live healthily.

Nursing Leadership and management Essay

Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is the responsibility of all nurses and is vital when addressing the challenges of the health care industry. Provide an example of how you would apply CQI in your current or past position. The purpose of QI is to use a systematic, data-guided approach to improve processes or outcomes (Conner, 2014). Principles and strategies involved in QI have evolved from organizational philosophies of total quality management and continuous quality improvement. Connor (2014) emphasizes that while the concept of quality can be subjective, QI in healthcare typically focuses on improving patient outcomes. So the key is to clearly define the outcome that needs to be improved, identify how the outcome will be measured, and develop a plan for implementing an intervention and collecting data before and after the intervention. Connor (2014) points out QI methods as follows: Various QI methods are available. A common format uses the acronym FOCUS-PDSA: Find a process to improve. Organize an effort to work on improvement. Clarify current knowledge of the process. Understand process variation and performance capability. Select changes aimed at performance improvement. Plan the change; analyze current data and predict the results. Do it; execute the plan. Study (analyze) the new data and check the results. Act; take action to sustain the gains. Unlike research and EBP, QI typically doesn’t require extensive literature reviews and rigorous critical appraisal. Therefore, nurses may be much more involved in QI projects than EBP or research. Also, QI projects normally are site specific and results aren’t intended to provide generalizable knowledge or best evidence states Conner (2014). Examples of QI projects include implementing a process to remove urinary catheters within a certain time frame, developing a process to improve wound-care documentation, and improving the process for patient education for a specific chronic disease. The institution I have been at has been working on decreasing central line associated bloodstream infection and peripheral line blood stream infections. Numerous risk factors for CLABSI associated with needleless connectors have been proposed. Some are attributed to poor hand washing before manipulation, inability to properly disinfect the connection site due  to poor design, aseptic d evice management, and frequency of the connector exchange. In addition, several studies looking at intraluminal contamination from the needleless connector have demonstrated that high levels of contamination can be seen colonizing the connector and subsequently moving into the CVC (Ramirez, Lee, & Welch, 2014). Even with varying levels of disinfection, colonization can still occur. Studies of current I.V. practices demonstrated that 56% of Registered Nurses typically do not believe it is necessary to disinfect catheter hubs and >90% of nurses do not cover an intermittent infusion (Ramirez, Lee, & Welch, 2014). The 70% isopropyl alcohol cap known as â€Å"Curos† is used as an attempt to reduce intraluminal contamination. The cap requires ongoing training and encouragement to change practice. Studies indicate that consistent use of the caps does influence CLABSI rates substantially in terms of morbidity and the financial resources that are expended because of CLABSI’s. References Conner, B. T. (2014). Differentiating research, evidence-based practice, and quality improvement. American Nurse Today, 9(6), 26-31. Ramirez, C., Lee, A. M., & Welch, K. (2012). Central Venous Catheter Protective Connector Caps Reduce Intraluminal Catheter-Related Infection. Journal Of The Association For Vascular Access, 17(4), 210-213. doi:10.1016/j.java.2012.10.002

10 Ways to Make Education Relevant